Are E-Bikes Legal in Canada?

Electric bikes are rapidly growing in popularity across Canada, both as a practical commuting option and as a fun way to enjoy the outdoors.

But as more riders hit the roads and trails, one question often comes up: Are e-bikes legal in Canada?

The short answer is yes.

E-bikes are legal across the country, but they are regulated, and the exact rules differ depending on which province or territory you’re in.

In general, an e-bike must have an electric motor that does not exceed 500 watts, and it cannot provide motor-assisted speed beyond 32 km/h (20 mph).

Functional pedals are required, meaning the bike must still be operable by human power.

Most provinces and territories also set age restrictions for riders and require that helmets be worn at all times.

Unlike motorcycles or mopeds, e-bikes typically do not require a license, registration, or insurance, making them an accessible choice for a wide range of people.

However, it’s always important to confirm the exact rules where you live, since local municipalities may add their own restrictions.

For example, in Ottawa, the National Capital Commission allows bicycle-style e-bikes on its Capital Pathway network but prohibits scooter-style ones, and all types are banned on natural-surface trails in Gatineau Park.

How the Laws Differ by Province

In Alberta, e-bikes are called power bicycles.

Riders must be at least 12 years old, and a motorcycle-style helmet is required.

Interestingly, Alberta allows passengers on e-bikes, unlike many provinces.

In British Columbia, the term used is Motor Assisted Cycle (MAC).

Riders must be 16 or older, wear a bicycle helmet, and the motor must automatically disengage under certain conditions for safety.

In Ontario, e-bikes are classified as Power Assisted Bicycles (PABs).

The minimum age is 16, and riders must wear either a bicycle or motorcycle helmet.

Ontario also has municipality-specific restrictions and prohibits e-bikes on 400-series highways.

Manitoba recognizes them simply as e-bikes.

Riders must be at least 14, wear a bicycle helmet, and the bike must include functional pedals and disengagement mechanisms.

In New Brunswick, there is no minimum age requirement.

Riders must wear a bicycle helmet, and the e-bike must display a compliance label.

Newfoundland and Labrador calls them Electric Assist Bikes.

Like in New Brunswick, there’s no age minimum, but fully operable pedals are required.

Nova Scotia uses the federal term Power Assisted Bicycle.

Riders of all ages can use them, as long as they wear a bicycle helmet.

Prince Edward Island takes a different approach by classifying e-bikes as mopeds.

Riders must wear helmets, obtain a license, and pass a moped inspection.

In Quebec, e-bikes are also considered Power Assisted Bicycles.

The minimum age is 14, though riders between 14 and 18 must hold a moped or scooter license.

Helmets are mandatory, and compliance labels are required.

Finally, Saskatchewan recognizes both Electric Assist Bicycles and Power Cycles.

While Electric Assist Bicycles don’t require a license, Power Cycles do.

Helmets are required in both cases, and compliance stickers may also be needed.

The Bottom Line

Across Canada, e-bikes are legal but fall under slightly different rules depending on where you live.

The unifying requirements are a motor of no more than 500 watts, a top speed of 32 km/h, and mandatory helmets.

Age limits, licensing, and additional restrictions vary, so it’s always smart to check your local laws before heading out for a ride.

E-bikes continue to grow as a sustainable, accessible, and enjoyable way to move around Canadian cities and trails—just be sure you know the rules of the road (or path) in your area.

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